XCHG, SPHL, XHTL, PUSH, POP, OUT, IN

10. XCHG: - Exchange H and L with D and E. The contents of register H are exchanged with the contents of register D, and the contents of register L are exchanged with the contents of register E.

Eg: - XCHG

11. SPHL: - This instruction copies H and L register to the stack pointer. The instruction loads

the contents of the H and L registers into the stack pointer register, the contents of the H register provide the highorder address and the contents of the L register provide the low-order address. The contents of the H and L registers are not altered.

Eg: - SPHL

12.  XTHL: - This instruction exchanges H and L with top of stack. The contents of the L register are exchanged with the stack location pointed out by the contents of the stack pointer register. The contents of the H register are exchanged with the next stack location (SP+1); however, the contents of the stack pointer register are not altered.

Eg: - XTHL

13.  PUSH: - This instruction pushes the register pair onto stack. The contents of the register pair designated in the operand are copied onto the stack in the following sequence. The stack pointer register is decremented and the contents of the highorder register (B, D, H, A) are copied into that location. The stack pointer register is decremented again and the contents of the low-order register (C, E, L, flags) are copied to that location.
 

Eg: - PUSH B 

          PUSH A

14. POP: - This instruction pop off stack to register pair. The contents of the memory location pointed out by the stack pointer register are copied to the low-order register (C, E, L, status flags) of the operand. The stack pointer is incremented by 1 and the contents of that memory location are copied to the high-order register (B, D, H, A) of the operand. The stack pointer register is again incremented by 1.
 

Eg: - POP H 

          POP A

15. OUT: - Output data from accumulator to a port with 8-bit addresses. The contents of the accumulator are copied into the I/O port specified by the operand.

Eg: OUT F8H

16.IN: - Input data to accumulator from a port with 8-bit address. The contents of the input port designated in the operand are read and loaded into the accumulator.

Eg: - IN 8CH